Natural selection- the process by which heritable traits that make it more likely to survive and reproduce becomes more common in a population over generations, it is a key mechanism of evolution.
Example: the peppered moth exists in both light and dark colors in the United Kingdom, but during the industrial revolution a lot of the trees in which the moths rested became blackened by soot which gave the dark-colored moths an advantage in hiding from predators, which means the dark-colored moths had a better chance at surviving and producing more dark-colored moths. Another example is there are some green beetles and some brown beetles, the green beetles tend to get eaten faster than the brown ones, the brown beetles reproduce more than the green beetles.
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